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Power Analysis Calculator

Calculate statistical power, effect size, and sample size for your research studies

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Professional Power Analysis Tools

Comprehensive statistical power calculations for all research designs

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Statistical Power

Calculate the probability of detecting true effects in your study. Ensure adequate power (≥80%) for reliable research outcomes.

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Effect Size Calculation

Compute Cohen's d, eta squared, correlation coefficients, and other effect size measures for meaningful interpretation.

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Sample Size Optimization

Determine optimal sample sizes to achieve desired statistical power while minimizing research costs and time.

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Multiple Test Types

Support for t-tests, ANOVA, regression, correlation, chi-square, and other statistical procedures.

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Sensitivity Analysis

Explore how changes in parameters affect statistical power and study design decisions.

Research Compliant

Calculations follow established statistical standards and are suitable for academic and clinical research.

Power Analysis Calculator Types

Choose the right power analysis tool for your research design

T-Test Power Analysis

Calculate power for one-sample, two-sample, and paired t-tests. Includes Cohen's d effect size calculations.

Calculate T-Test Power →

ANOVA Power Analysis

Power calculations for one-way, two-way, and repeated measures ANOVA designs with eta squared effect sizes.

Calculate ANOVA Power →

Regression Power Analysis

Power analysis for linear and multiple regression models, including R² and partial correlation effects.

Calculate Regression Power →

Correlation Power Analysis

Determine power for correlation studies and calculate required sample sizes for detecting relationships.

Calculate Correlation Power →

Chi-Square Power Analysis

Power calculations for chi-square tests of independence and goodness of fit with Cramer's V effect sizes.

Calculate Chi-Square Power →

Clinical Trial Power

Specialized power analysis for clinical trials, including survival analysis and binary endpoint studies.

Calculate Clinical Power →

Understanding Statistical Power Analysis

What is Statistical Power?

Statistical power is the probability that a study will detect a true effect when it exists. It's calculated as 1 - β (beta), where β is the Type II error rate. Power analysis helps researchers design studies with adequate sensitivity to detect meaningful effects.

Key Components of Power Analysis

Power analysis involves four interconnected components:

  • Statistical Power (1-β): Probability of detecting a true effect
  • Effect Size: Magnitude of the difference or relationship
  • Sample Size (n): Number of observations in the study
  • Significance Level (α): Probability of Type I error (usually 0.05)

Power Analysis Formula

Power = P(Reject H₀ | H₁ is true)

For t-tests: Power = f(effect size, sample size, α level)
Cohen's d = (μ₁ - μ₂) / σ

Effect Size Interpretation

Effect sizes provide standardized measures of the magnitude of differences:

  • Cohen's d: Small (0.2), Medium (0.5), Large (0.8)
  • Eta squared (η²): Small (0.01), Medium (0.06), Large (0.14)
  • Correlation (r): Small (0.1), Medium (0.3), Large (0.5)

Types of Power Analysis

A Priori Power Analysis: Conducted before data collection to determine required sample size for desired power level.

Post Hoc Power Analysis: Conducted after data collection to determine the power of completed studies.

Sensitivity Analysis: Determines the minimum detectable effect size given fixed sample size and power.

Frequently Asked Questions

Conventionally, statistical power of 0.80 (80%) is considered adequate, meaning there's an 80% chance of detecting a true effect if it exists. Some fields require higher power (90% or 95%) for critical studies, especially in clinical research where missing important effects could have serious consequences.

Effect size should be based on: (1) Previous research in your field, (2) Pilot study results, (3) Minimum clinically important difference, or (4) Conventional benchmarks (small, medium, large). Cohen's conventions provide starting points, but field-specific effect sizes are preferred when available.

Conduct a priori power analysis during study planning to determine required sample size. Post hoc power analysis can be useful for interpreting non-significant results, but should be interpreted cautiously. Sensitivity analysis helps understand the minimum detectable effects in your study.

Statistical power increases with larger sample sizes. The relationship is non-linear - doubling sample size doesn't double power. Very large samples can detect trivially small effects, while very small samples may miss important effects. Power analysis helps find the optimal balance.

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